Hand Pump Bottle Dispenser Design - Term Paper Example

Hand Pump Bottle Dispenser Design Professor Institution Course Date Hand Pump Bottle Dispenser Design Executive Summary This report covers the design planning and analysis, modeling of the large assemblies, drafts and bills of materials used in the design of a 1liter capacity clear hand pump bottle dispenser. The chief aim is to come up with a design made up of inexpensive parts that are also light in weight. The parts should be easy to assemble. Further, the report gives the product specification, generates the concepts and uses a CAD model to select the design. The bottle shall consist of a pump mechanism which is pre-assembled. The mechanism of pumping shall also include the pump housing which encloses and receives liquid. The bottle body shall have an oval cross-section. A tube shall be fitted at a lower end of the pump in order to dip into the liquid or paste that is supposed to be dispensed. Inlet ball shall be incorporated. Table of Contents Title Page ……………………………………………………………………1 Executive Summary …………………………………………….……………2 The Table of Contents ………………………..……………………….…… 3 The List of Tables …………………………………………...…………… 4 The List of Diagrams ……………………………………………………..… 5 Background and Scope of the Project …………………….………………… 6 Product Design Process ……………………………………………………... 6 Concept Generation and Selection ……..…………………………………… 7 Sources of the Information for the Design …………..……………………… 7 Design Objectives ……………………………………………………………8 General Objectives …………………………………………..……… 8 Specific Objectives ………………………………………..………… 8 Design Description ……………………………………………………...……9 The Size of the Design ………………………………………………..…..… 9 Parts of the Hand Pump Bottle Dispenser………………………………… 9-10 Engineering Drawings ………………………………..…………………. 11-13 Bill of Materials …………………………………………………….………14 Break Even Analysis ………………………………..………………………15 Product Life Cycle …………………………………………………………. 15 Conclusion ……………………………………………………..……..…… 16 Appendix ……………………………………………………..……..… 17-19 Works Cited ………………………………………………………..……… 20 List of Tables Table 1: Bill of Materials Appendix II A: Pair-wise Comparison Matrix for the Hand pump bottle dispenser Appendix II B: Summary of Objectives Compared using an Objective Matrix. List of Diagrams Figure 1: Bottle Shape Figure 2: The 3D Wireframe for Bottle and Pump Figure 3: Pump Parts Figure 4: Pump Parts (3D Wireframe) Background and Scope of the Project Hand pump bottle dispensers are manufactured in millions to meet the market needs all over the world. They are used to dispense several products. From the initial configurations, modifications have been made to the current designs in the market, and that each manufacturer will want to add value to one’s design. Through reducing of the design complexity with time, the overall cost also gradually reduces. A proper design configuration attracts a large market and is important to alter the pump housing and other aspects from time to time. The aspects of housing should, however, not interfere with the pump mechanism. Fortunately, one design configuration is capable of handling different types of liquids. Universally, most hand pump bottles are fabricated from plastic materials. Minimal amount of material is used, and for this reason, the cost goes down. Reducing of the number of parts without tampering with the bottle efficiency is a primary objective in meeting the customer need at a reduced cost despite the increasing demand for plastic material. Product Design Process Step 1: Idea Development At this stage, the product need is thought of. The idea can originate from customers, marketing, competitors, benchmarking, and reverse engineering. Step 2: Product Screening Here, we engage a structured evaluation process like market size, break even analysis, return on investment, and fit with available facility and labor. Step 3: Preliminary Design and Testing Technical details, prototypes and testing start at this stage. Step 4: Final Design. At final design stage, the design is developed base on the testing results, facility, equipment, labor skills, supplier identified and material. Concept Generation and Selection The following are the requirements for selection of this project a) The material should be available for the construction of the devices. b) Available space for the design c) The expected cost should be low d) The efficiency of the device e) The functionality f) The availability of technology g) The government standard as per the government h) The safety of the device i) The preference and test of the client j) The metrics/dimensions of the device Sources of Information for the Design The following are sources of information that are significant to this design. a. Reverse engineering b. Patents c. Informal and structural interviews d. Focus groups e. Brain storming from the design team f. Targets and optimizers g. Consultation with the design team Design Objectives General Objectives The general objectives include bringing to existence a new and unique design. The design should be simple, cheap, and efficient and made of material that is locally available. Its material should not poison the liquid in the bottle, but should be environmentally friendly, strong, easily powered by hand, durable, requiring minimal skill to operate, reliable, easy to maintain, manually operated, and having minimal positive alterations to already existing designs. All these objectives have been summarized in an Objective Matrix Appendix II. Specific Objective To design the pump components with all the quality control standards To design bottle handle To design the pump bottle body To assemble all the pump components To test the functioning Design Description This part details all the pump components. The engineering drawings shown after this section were prepared using CAD software. The drum parts are all purely plastic. The plastic material used in this design is a clear high-density polyethylene with a static and UV inhibitor. The design material is capable of withstanding the daily rigors of serious industrial environments. Each drum shall consist of white labels for identifying the drum contents. The size of the design The bottle is designed to carry a capacity of 1 liter. The design of the base and height to support this capacity has been calculated in Appendix I. The design of the bottle drum or body is 120% of a liter to allow inside components without affecting the anticipated 1 liter capacity. Also in case of expansion of the liquid, the bottle will not have to swell to accommodate the contents. The filled hand pump bottle dispenser should also not allow a large volume for air space as this would easily contract under cold temperatures and cause the bottle to shrink or crumble into a bad shape. Parts of the Hand Pump Bottle Dispenser The pump consists of a hollow body that is open at both ends. On the lower end of it, a hollow tube is fixed. This tube dips into the liquid to be dispensed and which, in this case, is in the bottle. The upper part of the pump has an inlet valve. The valve is ball shaped and allows the substance in the pump to be dispensed and after dispensing it closes. The upper part of the pump has a hollow body which projects upwards and its lower end is attached to the piston. This hollow body allows the piston to slide within it at a certain distance. Internally, the piston is hollow and has an external seal on its lower part. From an upper part of the hollow aperture, there is a hollow stem projecting at some distance. The lower part of the stem is integral with the piston. It slides within a hollow body through some distance. The piston is hollow from the inside, and its lower part has a seal. On the upper end of the stem projection, a dispenser knob is fixed and is inserted into a hollow cylindrical part that is projecting downwards. The knob has a dispensing channel that communicates with the inner stem cavity and forms an outlet part. The valve consists of elastic pushers. In the intake chamber, there is a shutoff element. The shutoff element moves in both directions at a certain distance, but it can be kept its lower position with the aid of a preloaded spring that acts on it. The shutoff element has the shape of a cylinder and is hollow to save material and reduce weight to the minimum. The lower flange of the shutoff element offer support to the lower end of the spring and also the upper spring end rests on the shoulder that is provided by the piston. In overall configuration, the pump is connected to the bottle via a ring having internal threads, which can be engaged to the corresponding outer threads they are provided by the mouth of the bottle. Engineering Drawings Figure 1: Bottle Shape Figure 2: The 3D Wireframe for Bottle and Pump Figure 3: Pump Parts Figure 4: Pump Parts (3D Wireframe) Note: The Drawings in Figure 3 above is shown in 3D Wireframe as shown bellow. Bill of Materials No Material Total Unit Cost (USD) 1 Plastic 0.90 2 Helical Spring (Stainless steel) 0.10 Table 1 The total cost of a unit item is about 1 USD. This is a variable cost as it is bound to change depending on units order. Other costs include the labor cost, and the fixed cost of designing. In a plot to illustrate the graphical approach to break even sales, the graph bellow shows the relationship between the fixed cost, variable cost, and total revenue. Break Even Analysis Product Life Cycle Once the product has been manufactured, it is bound to undergo a life cycle. This cycle depends on changing product demand Product life cycle represents a series of changing product demand in the following stages. Introduction Growth Maturity Decline The process investment on the design depends on a life cycle and this life cycle is as shown in the graph. Conclusion In view of the design objectives, this design provides a new and improved hand pump bottle dispenser. The design is configured to have a minimal number of parts to reduce the overall cost. The pump mechanism is separated from the other part of the bottle. The pump is mounted to the housing configuration. This means that the pump can be changed easily without necessarily altering the mechanism of pumping. The pumping mechanism has a suction tube. The suction tube extends from the pump assembly into the liquid in the container and the part section for discharging the liquid. Appendix Appendix I: Volume Calculations Consider the oval shape of the bottle bellow. For an oval shape of the bottle base and a high, the following mathematical expression was used to define the capacity. Where; The length of the oval base The width of the overall base The height of the bottle Using the value of 0.25, 0.05, and 0.12 for L, W and H respectively, a total capacity of was obtained. This is more than a liter by 20% in order to allow for the pump parts that shall be exerted inside the bottle drum (body). Appendix II A: Pair-wise Comparison Matrix for the Hand pump bottle dispenser Cost of production Easy to maintenance Reliable Liquid poisoned Locally available materials Minimal labour Minimal cost of equipment Durable Strong Portable environmentally friendly Minimal technology used Minimal change of operating mechanisms Mechanically operated Less power required Total cost of production … 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 7 easy to maintainance 0 … 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 5 reliable 0 0 …. 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 6 Liquid not poisoned 1 1 1 … 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 locally available materials 0 1 0 0 … 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 4 minimal labour 0 0 1 1 0 … 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 8 minimal cost of equipment 1 1 0 0 1 1 … 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 10 durable 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 … 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 9 strong 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 … 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 portable 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 … 0 0 0 0 0 2 environmetally friendly 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 … 0 1 1 1 13 minimal technology used 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 … 0 1 0 3 minimal change of operating mechanisms 10 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 …. 1 1 14 mechanically operated 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 … 0 1 less power required 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 …. 11 Appendix II B: Summary of Objectives Compared using an Objective Matrix. Objective Matrix No Design Objective Grade 1 Liquid not poisoned 15 2 Environmental friendly 14 3 Strong 13 4 Less effort to operate by hand 12 5 Minimal cost of equipment 11 6 Durable 10 7 Minimal labour to fabricate 9 8 Minimal overall cost 8 9 Reliable 7 10 Easy to maintain 6 11 Made of easily available materials 5 12 Portable 4 13 Minimal skill required for operation 3 14 Minimal positive alterations to early designs 2 15 Minimal technique to design 1 Works Cited Ken, Hurst & Hakiki. Engineering Design Principles. Jordan Hill: Elsevier Ltd, 1999. Print. Gerhard Pahl, Beitz, W, & Hans-Hoachim, Schulz. Engineering Design: A Systematic Approach. London: Springer-Verlag. 2007. Print. Clive, Dym. Engineering Design: A Synthesis of Views. Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd, 1994 Print. Read More