Roys Adaptation Model - Essay Example

Sister Callista Roy is a honorable woman. Her developments in the sphere of nursing, in its theoretical background contain a deep philosophyand exert a great influence on the modern practices in nursing. This paper is focused on the contribution of the Roy’s Adaptation Model in open-heart step down unit. The concepts, suggested by her in terms of this theory are applied to open heart surgery and it is considered further on in this paper. Key words: individual, environment, human interaction, individual’s needs, surgical patient. Roy’s Adaptation Model Historical background Sister Callista Roy is a member of the Sisters of Saint Joseph of Carondelet (Roy, 1987). She graduated from Mount Saint Mary’s College in Los Angeles California. She was concerned in nursing and she received a degree in this field. On the basis of conceptual models for nursing and a deep philosophical background, she developed her famous Adaptation Model. Currently, this woman is enrolled as the Graduate Faculty Nurse Theorist. Theory overview The major contribution of her Adaptation Model is that it covers different aspects of human system. Human knowledge, assets, knowledge and many other issues are taken into account in the process of adaptation. We used this model in order to evaluate its efficiency in the process of adaptation after open-heart surgery. In accordance with the basic and factors implemented by Roy in her Adaptation Model, we can claim that in the field of surgery her Model is focused on an individual approach to the patient in the process of adaptation. There is a need to find out the best strategies and goals in order to evaluate the synthesized information used in the process of adaptation period of the patient after open-heart surgery. Roy represents an open and simple strategy to solve the most challenging problems in the field of health recovery. Such concepts, as a person, environment, health and nursing are taken into account in the Roy’s Adaptation Model (Roy, 1987). Basic concepts of theory In order to succeed in adaptation, there is a need to promote a changing environment. It is relevant to take into account environment as the most important trigger or inner and outer advancement of adaptation for the patient. For example, the spouses of surgical patients can demonstrate the relevance of the concepts introduced by Roy. With regards to individual, it should be noted that he/she is able to deals with adaptation. A role of a nurse is positioned as a promoter of adaptation period and a role of a facilitator. The major function of adaptation is on behalf of an individual. The concept of health is a process of becoming a sound and integrated person. In case a person is ill, he is lacking of integration. The role of nursing in the process of adaptation is often defined as a pattern of human behavior enhancing health (Roy, 1987). Theory application In the adaptive system a person obtains an input from the external environment and from inner changes of an individual’s inner condition. Another stage is an input from external and internal stimuli. It covers different issues, such as psychological, social, physical, and physiological factors (Roy, 1987). Therefore, in the adaptation period of the surgical patients, it is relevant to take into account the abovementioned factors. It is necessary to apply the concept of need in the open-heart surgery. A person in the process of the changing environment develops his adaptive mechanisms. Roy’s adaptive modes can be also implemented in the field of open-heart surgery. We can claim that the first relevant factor is Psychosocial Needs. There is a direct interrelation between psychosocial needs of the spouses and a merger between their needs. There is a deep insight into the spouse and a surgical patient. It is a kind of adaptation of the social and psychological role of another spouse. Information Needs in accordance with Roy can also play an important role. There is no doubt that this factor reflects both physical and mental needs of the patient. Roy underlines integration between a person’s acceptation of him and his real being: “Having in mind a factor label, however, is most useful in both planning care and in each interaction with patients and their families” (Silva, 1987). Consequently, a patient should be able to support his real self in the process of adaptation after post-surgical period. Moreover, there is a need to find out the focal stimuli for spouses of surgical patients. There are many important factors and issues, considered by Calista Roy in the Adaptation Model. Role Function is very important as well, because it implies the need for the social integrity and a necessity of the performance of duties ascribed by the society. This concept can be applied in the post-surgical period, where people around a surgical patient are able to help him to restore his self. Interdependence is the similar concept, which underlines the importance of seeking for help, attention and affection. It is related to the abovementioned concepts, because it is evident that in case the patients receive help from others it is easier for them to adapt. The last concept, Adaptive Level describes a combination of stimuli. This level is a trigger of adaptation stimuli of a surgical patient. Personal example Within the framework of these concepts, it is possible to refer to the study conducted by Silva Rn Phd (1987). Having read the article, I managed to claim that the author describes the implementation of Roy’s Adaptation model to the surgical patients and their spouses. We have already noted about the importance of the individual’s needs concept for the spouses of surgical patients. Psychosocial Needs are also important for the spouses and surgical patients. I underlined this factor, because I witnessed adaptation period success, when patients communicated with their spouses and shared their common thoughts, beliefs and intentions. Nevertheless, unlike the interrelation between the concepts suggested in the Model, there is no interrelation found by Dr.Silva. Moreover, in terms of the Model, individual needs are positioned as focal stimuli (Roy, 1983, p. 275). Basing on my own experience, I can claim that there is a need for nurses to integrate their relations with the spouses of the surgical patients. They are responsible for favorable environment creation in the hospital. Roy makes an emphasis on the important role of a family in the process of adaptation. The important roles of the self-concept and role function should be implemented in the adaptation period after open-heart surgery. Surgical patients and their spouses in case of a constant interrelation, external assistance of the medical personnel are on the way to a successful adaptation. Conclusion There is a need to evaluate the needs of the surgical patients and their family members. Moreover, the relations between individual needs and the needs of their relatives are two focal points for determination of nursing practicing in the field of open-heart surgery. Roy’s Adaptation Model belongs to one of the interrelationships theories. It is of crucial importance to concentrate on the importance of a human interaction between the patients, their relatives and the medical personnel. Therefore, we position the role of a nurse in accordance with the Roy’s suggestion as an intermediary in the process of recovery and an individual’s integration. References  Pollock, F. S., Edd Frederickson, F. K., Carson, M. A., Massey, V. H., & Roy, F. C. (1994). Contributions to Nursing Science: Synthesis of Findings from Adaptation Model Research. Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice, 8(4), 361+. Roy, F. C. (1987). Response to "needs of Spouses of Surgical Patients: a Conceptualization within the Roy Adaptation Model". Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice, 1(1), 45+. Silva Rn Phd, Cipriano, F.M. (1987). Needs of Spouses of Surgical Patients: a Conceptualization within the Roy Adaptation Model. Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice, 1 (1), 29+. Read More