Computer-Aided Designs - Assignment Example

Name Professor Course University Date Introduction Computer Aided designs are applications used by architects, scientists, designers, engineers, and others to create a highly detailed and technically accurate drawings, which can be shared, modified, and enhanced with exceptional speed and accuracy (La Rocca, 2015). 3 CAD software are applications used by engineers and scientists to create wireframe drawings of objects, which they can rotate to view from multiple angles; users can also overlay materials on wireframes to see the visual impact of different ones 3 CAD is used because it is a quick, easy and precise way of making designs of building without having to build sculptures. 2 CAD is used because it is a quick, simple and exact way of making templates and showing what a structure looks like from a plan, end or side view which may be helpful (Busbridge et al, 2015). Generic Types of Commercial Software Packages 1. Animation software. They are application programs that let you create animations to give objects the appearance of motion or activity; examples include Adobe Illustrator, Adobe after Effects, Adobe Flash, and Microsoft Silverlight. 2. Application software. These are programs on a computer that enable the user to perform various tasks such as, sending of electronic mails, balancing a budget proposal, word processing, making of presentations, editing of photos, Learning through an online course, and playing of study games (Busbridge et al, 2012). This program sustains detailed applications of end users in business and other major fields such as mechanical engineering. Notably, application software upholds the engineering and automation processes with tactical e-business applications such as project supply preparation, consumer rapport organization, and supply chain management. In regard other software packages that are web-enabled apply to the well-designed areas of business such as management of human resource, finances, accounting, and electronic commerce (Rehg et al, 2012). 3. Utility software comprise of Backup, anti-virus, disk management, software programs that offer new features for the Operating systems that enhance them. This type of system software permits the users to carry out maintenance-type of work, and is usually linked to running of the computer, the devices, and computer programs. 4. System software is a program that manages and carries out functions of a computer. Notably, the software contain a range of programming, such as the operating systems, database management systems, service and utility software, communications control programs, and programming language translation(La Rocca et al, 2015). Advantages and disadvantages of cad methods compared with manual methods. Advantages Decreases the conceptional occasion for new designs Products can be formed more rapidly. Expensive error in design or production can be evaded. Reduced Manufacturing point in time. Documentation can be published in various outlines for several users. Ease of document duplication and cloning Visualization of intricate technical basics The excellence of designs. Clearness of documentation. Easy to recount innovative thoughts (Gargallo- Piero et al, p. 587 2014). Disadvantages Training. Expansive start up costs (hardware, software, and training). Inflexible to get the conceptional form. Hardware components that make up of a CAD system Mainframe computer and graphics terminals  Mainframe computers deal with the management and processing of bulky amounts of data. With the industrial progress in personal computers, the need for mainframe computing has considerably reduced in recent years. The computing power of a typical desktop computer today is enhanced than that of a mainframe system back in the early 1980s (Busbridge et al, 2015). However, mainframe systems persist to be largely used for steadfast business processing. Graphics terminals exhibit images as well as wording. Graphic terminal are separated into vector mode and raster mode terminals. A vector-mode represents lines on the appearance of a cathode ray tube beneath the power of the computer systems (La Rocca, p. 159, 2015). These lines are constantly shaped, but because of the velocity of rays they are imperfect and the amounts of parallel lines that can be exhibited at one time are fractional. Vector-mode displays were previously significant and used frequently but they are no longer in use. Basically, all current graphic exhibits are raster-mode and descend from the image scan methods used for television, in which the image mechanisms are four-sided figure display of pixels (Noergaard et al, 2012). Since the raster picture is only visible to the human eye as a whole for a very short time, the raster must be revived occasionally to give the look of a continual display. Turn key Cad system Turn key Card systems are computer systems that have been customized for a particular application. Turnkey systems include all the hardware and software necessary for the particular applications. It is system that is designed to meet the customer's needs (Rehg et al, 2012). For example, a company like coca cola will setup a turnkey system for its employees; this system has all of the needed hardware and software for the employee to start working. Because many consumers need to install software or modify their computer, most computers are not regarded as a turnkey system. Work stations and high end personal computers Workstation is a category of a computer that is used for desktop printing, software progress, engineering applications, and other types of applications that necessitate a temperate mass of power and comparatively high excellence graphics potential (Noergaard et al,2012). Generally, workstations consist of great high resolutions graphics screens that have at least 64 megabytes of RAM from network support system and a graphics user interface (La Roca, P. 159, 2015). Most workstations have large storage devices such as disk drives and operating systems like UNIX and Windows NT that universally used in workstations (Rehg et al, 2012). Personal computers are normally designed for use by one user at a time. They consist of a central processing unit that contain arithmetic, logic and control circuitry on an integrated circuit. Finite Element Analysis used in Engineering Finite element analysis is a complex computer-based design study technique that engages in subdivision an object into various aspects that determine the thermal distributions, displacements forces, pressure fields, and electromagnetic. This analysis is used in original and product modification and product design (De Borst et al, 2015). For this case a business is able to validate a future drawing which meets the client's provisions prior to manufacture. Modification of an existing product or formation is developed to meet the criteria of the product or structure of the new service. In case of composition breakdown, FEA could be used to assist in determining the plan variation to meet the situation (Gargallo- Piero et al, p. 587, 2014). How Finite Element Analysis Works Generally, finite element analysis uses an intricate system of points known as modes that makes grid nodes regarded as mesh. The mesh is then computer programmed to enclose objects and shape properties that identify how the formation will respond to definite loading situation (Reddy et al, 2014). Nodes are allotted at a particular mass all through the material depending on the predictable mechanical stresses of a particular spot (Madenci et al, 2105). Areas that will obtain large amounts of stresses typically have a high node bulk than those that occur when there is little or no stress. Spots of attention comprise of rupture points that previously tested material, fillets, corners, complex aspects, and higher stress regions. The function of the mesh is to form and extend mesh elements to each of the adjacent nodes. Thus, the web of vectors transmits material properties to the objects generating lots of elements (De Borst et al, 2015). The advantages and disadvantages of FEA methods Advantages i. Can readily hold very intricate geometry such as the heart and power of the fine element method ii. Encompasses a broad range of engineering predicaments such as solid mechanics, fluid, dynamics, electrostatic and thermal changes. iii. Can handle intricate restraints like the how the undefined structures can be resolved iv. Can hold intricate loading such as element and nodal loads that involve force, heat, inertial power, and frequency or time dependent loading (Reddy et al 2014). Disadvantages i. A universal closed-form result, that would authorize one to examine system reaction to adjust in various constraints, is not formed. ii. Finite Element Methods attain only inexact results. iii. There are intrinsic errors. iv. Errors by users can be terminal. Work cited Busbridge, Simon, and Deshinder Gill. "Experiences in Using Open Source Software for Teaching Electronic Engineering CAD." The International Academic Forum (IAFOR), 2015. De Borst, René, et al. Nonlinear finite element analysis of solids and structures. John Wiley & Sons, 2012. Gargallo-Peiró, Abel, Xevi Roca, and Josep Sarrate. "A surface mesh smoothing and untangling method independent of the CAD parameterization."Computational Mechanics 53.4 (2014): 587-609. La Rocca, Gianfranco. "Knowledge based engineering: Between AI and CAD. Review of a language based technology to support engineering design."Advanced engineering informatics 26.2 (2012): 159-179. Madenci, Erdogan, and Ibrahim Guven. The finite element method and applications in engineering using ANSYS®. Springer, 2015. Noergaard, Tammy. Embedded systems architecture: a comprehensive guide for engineers and programmers. Newnes, 2012. Reddy, Junuthula Narasimha. An Introduction to Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis: with applications to heat transfer, fluid mechanics, and solid mechanics. OUP Oxford, 2014. Rehg, James A., and Henry W. Kraebber. Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 2005. Prentice Hall, 2012. Read More